Njira ya psychology mu Middle Ages

Kubwereza kwa mbiriyakale ndikofunikira kwa sayansi iliyonse, chifukwa mwanjira iyi imayamba kudziwa chiyambi cha psychology mu Middle Ages ndi zomwe maziko ake adamangidwira, chifukwa ichi adagawidwa m'nthawi yomwe amagawidwa. mndandanda wa zochitika zomwe zimatsogolera ku chitukuko cha umunthu, m'malemba awa ndi apadera mbiri ya psychology m'zaka za m'ma Middle Ages ndi kupita patsogolo komwe kunalipo mu psychology kuchokera kudziko lachi Islam ndi mmodzi mwa otsutsa ake akuluakulu Avicenna, omwe adayambitsa kupita patsogolo kwakukulu mu Renaissance.

Mbiri ya psychology m'zaka za m'ma Middle Ages yakhala ikuuzidwa kuchokera ku Eurocentric, popanda kuganizira za kupita patsogolo kosaneneka komwe kunachitika ku East makamaka m'dziko lachi Islam ndi mmodzi mwa olemba akuluakulu omwe amawonekera ndi IbnSīnāo kumadzulo. amadziwika kuti Avicenna ndi chitukuko cha maganizo achisilamu, chomwe chikanakhala kuti chinakhudza Kumadzulo kwambiri, nthawiyi sikanakhala imodzi mwazopita patsogolo pang'onopang'ono m'maganizo ndi kusokonezeka kwa sayansi pa chilango. Ziyenera kufotokozedwa kuti ndi nthawi yokhayo ya Middle Ages yomwe inakambidwa momwe Islamic psychology ndi Avicenna inakhudza kwambiri chitukuko cha ubale pakati pa ntchito za ubongo ndi zochitika zamaganizo.

M'dziko lachisilamu, mbiri ya psychology m'zaka za m'ma Middle Ages inapindula kuchokera ku mphamvu za naturopathic komanso pansi pa zolemba za woganiza wamkulu wachi Greek Aristotle, ndikuyika zochitika zamaganizo m'maganizo mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala, madokotala achisilamu adayang'ana khama lawo kuti apeze. - mosadziwika bwino - mu ubongo mbali za nzeru zobzalidwa ndi afilosofi monga Aristotle. Chifukwa cha ichi ndikutenga mphamvu zitatu zomwe zinaleredwa ndi wanthanthi Wachigriki zomwe zinali: kulingalira, kulingalira ndi kukumbukira; kupanga mndandanda wa mphamvu 7, zomwe zinakonzedwa mwadongosolo lokwera ndikuyamba kuchokera kufupi kwambiri ndi thupi ndi mphamvu mpaka kufupi ndi luntha. Maluso asanu ndi awiriwa amachokera m'malingaliro amkati ndipo ndi awa: kulingalira bwino, kulingalira kokhazikika, kulingalira kwamunthu ndi nyama, Kuyerekeza, Kukumbukira ndi Kukumbukira.

Faculty yoyamba ndi malingaliro momwe munthu amalandira ndikuzindikira chidziwitso cha dziko; ndiye pali m'maganizo retentive, Amene zapiringizana ndi luso loyamba, popeza izi ndi pamene mukhoza kukumbukira kapena kupeza zokhudza dziko analandira mu mkhalidwe m'mbuyomu. Zotsatirazi ndi malingaliro amunthu ndi nyama, zomwe zimatchedwa kulengedwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zithunzi zamaganizo zomwe zimapangidwa ndi zithunzi zomwe zili m'maganizo osungidwa komanso kuti cholinga chawo ndi kupanga zinthu zongoganiza, koma izi zimachitika mwa anthu okha, pamene nyama zimangogwirizana ndi zomwe zimaperekedwa. Faculty yachisanu ikufanana ndi yerekezerani zomwe zimathandiza makamaka kuweruza phindu kapena kuvulaza kwa zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Maluso otsiriza ndi Kukumbukira ndi kukumbukira, Apa ndipamene ziweruzo kapena zodziwikiratu zomwe zidaperekedwa muukadaulo woyerekeza zimasungidwa ndipo chifukwa cha izi ndizotheka kubweza chidziwitso ichi chokhudza zinthu zapadziko lapansi, kukumbukira kumapangidwa ndi malingaliro osavuta kapena malingaliro wamba omwe amachokera pazidziwitso. .

Avicenna anaika mphamvu zimenezi mu ventricles wa ubongo, nzeru wamba ndi losunga m'maganizo anali mu ventricle woyamba, wachiwiri wapangidwa ndi munthu ndi nyama compositional m'maganizo, wachitatu Avicenna anaika kuyerekezera ndi kukumbukira ali mu ventricle otsiriza. kukumbukira.

Kukula kwa psychology yachisilamu, ngakhale kuli ndi zophophonya zambiri komanso zolakwika zambiri, kunatsegula njira yophunzirira zochitika zamaganizo potengera momwe ubongo umagwira ntchito masiku ano, kotero njira yomwe psychology idatenga ku Middle Age. chinali chofunikira pazitukuko zomwe zingabwere m'magawo otsatirawa chifukwa cha zopereka za olemba odziwika bwino monga Avicenna, San Agustín kapena Santo Tomás. Pomaliza, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti kupita patsogolo komwe kunachitika mu chikhalidwe cha kum'maŵa monga zomwe zafotokozedwa m'mawuwa ndizofunikira kwambiri m'mbiri ya psychology ndipo ziyenera kuzindikirika kwambiri pamaphunzirowo.

Yankhulani

Leahey, TH (2005). Mbiri ya Psychology: mitsinje yayikulu mumalingaliro amaganizidwe. (Mkonzi wa 6). Madrid: Prentice Hall.

Tatiana Rojas Hernandez.