Khetha ikhasi

Isihloko sakamuva sibuze ukuthi amadoda angabika kanjani ubudlelwano bocansi obuningi (kanye nabalingani bocansi) kunabesifazane. Ake ngibuze omunye umbuzo: kungani sonke singaxhuga ngoba silinganiselwa ngaphansi kwemilenze emibili nje?

Cishe uyazibuza ukuthi abantu bangaba kanjani nemilenze engaphansi kwemibili ngokwesilinganiso. Yebo, impendulo iwukuthi nakuba iningi labantu linemilenze emibili, abambalwa banowodwa kuphela, futhi abambalwa abasenayo. Kodwa akekho onemilenze emithathu noma ngaphezulu, ngakho isilinganiso senani lemilenze yabantu singaphansi kwemibili nje. Nokho, imodi, inombolo yemilenze evame ukuhlangana nayo, empeleni imibili.

Kufanele wenze umehluko ofanayo ukuze uxazulule lokho ongakubiza ngephutha elisho ukuthini uma kuziwa enanini labalingani bocansi. Lokhu kufakazela ukuthi, “Kwabashadile abathandana nabobulili obuhlukile, inani labalingani lidinga nje ukulingana. Igebe lisukela ekuthambekeleni kwamadoda ekwenzeni ihaba nokwesaba kwabesifazane ukubizwa ngokuthi alulazayo.

Kodwa cabangela umphakathi wemibhangqwana engu-10 yabantu bobulili obuhlukile. Uma owesifazane o-1 enza ucansi nawo wonke amanye amadoda kodwa bonke abanye abantu besifazane bengakwenzi, manje sinesimo lapho amadoda angu-9 abe nophathina abangu-2 nabesifazane abangu-9 banoyedwa kuphela, kanti i-cuckold indoda ino-1. Imfashini yabesilisa i-2, Imodi yabesifazane ingu-1, kuyilapho isilinganiso singu-1,9 kubo bobabili ubulili.

Kodwa akekho ocansini no-0.9 womlingani, ngakho-ke kufanele ikutshele ukuthi lokhu kuyingxenye, hhayi inombolo yangempela.

Kuthiwani ngokuziphatha kwangempela? Ngokusho kweBritish National Survey of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles 1990-91, ezingu-18.876 39,3, abesifazane abaningi ngokuphindwe kabili (20,6%) babenomngane wobulili oyedwa kuphela ekuphileni kwabo uma kuqhathaniswa namadoda (24,4%); kuyilapho u-10% wawo wonke amadoda ayenabalingani bocansi abangaphezu kuka-6,8 uma kuqhathaniswa no-16% wabesifazane. Iphesenti elilodwa lamadoda lalingu-5% wayo yonke imibhangqwana eminyakeni emi-11.000 edlule. Kubantu abangu-16 abaphakathi kweminyaka engu-44 nengu-2001 okwaxoxwa nabo ngo-5, isilinganiso senani lobudlelwano phakathi neminyaka engu-4 edlule sasingu-2,5 kwabesilisa kanye no-13 ​​kwabesifazane. Abesilisa babenesilinganiso sabalingani besikhathi sonke sokuphila kwabo, kuyilapho abesifazane benengxenye ncamashi yabo. Amaphesenti ayishumi nane amaphesenti ayisithupha amadoda abe nobudlelwane bocansi obungaphezu koyedwa ngesikhathi esisodwa, kodwa bangama-9% kuphela abesifazane abanabo.

Amadoda ayizitabane alandela iphethini: Amadoda ayizitabane avame ukuba nophathina abaningi kunabesifazane abathandana nabanye besifazane, futhi ucwaningo olwenziwa eSan Francisco lwathola ukuthi cishe u-50% wamadoda ayizitabane anabalingani abangaphezu kuka-500. NgokukaCamilla Paglia, “Abesilisa abayizitabane bafuna ubulili ngaphandle kwemizwelo; Ongqingili bavame ukugcina benemizwelo yobulili obuhlukile!

Uma ukukhohlisa kwencazelo bekuyiqiniso, bekuyoba nokubaluleka okukhulu kokuziphendukela kwemvelo ngoba bekuyosho ukuthi bekungeke kube khona umehluko empumelelweni yokuzala phakathi kobulili: ngamanye amazwi, ngokungafani nesimo sangempela, abesilisa nabesifazane bebezoba nokulingana okufanayo. inani lenzalo. Futhi ukube lokho bekuyiqiniso, uDarwin ubeyoba nephutha ngokukhetha ubulili, hhayi ngokuphawulekayo, njengoba eye wabonisa, nakuba kuye kwacatshangwa ukuthi unephutha ingxenye engcono kakhulu yekhulu leminyaka.

Eqinisweni, ngisho nalokho uDarwin ayengenakukuchaza ngempela ngaleso sikhathi, ufuzo, luyakuqinisekisa. Imiphakathi eminingi yendabuko e-Afrika inesithembu futhi yenza amadoda abe nabalingani bocansi abaningi emshadweni. Umphumela uba ukuthi eGhana, ubaba ovamile unezingane eziphindwe kabili kunomama ovamile. Futhi ngenxa yokuthi i-chromosome ye-Y itholakala kuphela kubaba kanye nezakhi zofuzo ze-mitochondrial kumama kuphela, eSinayi Y ukuhlukahluka kofuzo kuphansi kuyilapho lokho kofuzo lwe-mitochondrial kuphezulu. Kodwa bekungenzeka kanjani lokho uma inani langempela labalingani bobulili empeleni lifana?

Futhi, ungabona inombolo ye-modal yozakwethu ku-anatomy yethu nezihlobo zethu eziseduze. Kusilayidi esilandelayo, isilinganiso sosayizi womzimba wabesilisa uma kuqhathaniswa nabesifazane (okuthiwa i-sexual dimorphism) imelwa yimibuthano yohlobo ngalunye. Ubukhulu besitho sangasese sowesilisa nowesifazane buyakhonjiswa, kanye nobukhulu obuhlobene bamasende ohlobo ngalunye.

C. Badcock after Short, RV, Advances in the Study of Behaviour, 9, 152-3, 1979.

Umthombo: C. Badcock de Short, RV, Advances in the Study of Behaviour, 9, 152-3, 1979.

Ezimfene, inani le-modal labalingani bocansi ngokuvamile liphezulu kubo bobabili ubulili, okukhuthaza ukuchayeka kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane okuphezulu, i-dimorphism yocansi ephansi, namasende amakhulu kakhulu, njengoba abesilisa abaningi behlangana nabo bonke abesifazane futhi okuwukuphela kwendlela yokuncintisana ngayo ngaphakathi kwensikazi. uhlelo lokuzala: yingakho isidingo sesidoda esisezingeni eliphezulu. Ngakho-ke ngezimfene, isimangalo sokuthi ubulili bayalingana ngenani labalingani bobulili kungase kube neqiniso eliningi, ikakhulukazi kuma-bonobos, aziwa ngokukhululeka kakhulu.

Kodwa-ke, kuma-gorilla, i-dimorphism yobulili izibonakalisa lapho abesilisa be-silverback alpha belawula ama-harem abesifazane, izitho zabo zobulili zincane, njengalezo zeduna. Okubaluleke nakakhulu ukuthi amasende nawo mancane ngoba akukho ukuncintisana phakathi kwesidoda esimweni esinjalo.

Abantu babonakala bephakathi nendawo: i-dimorphic kakhulu kunezimfene, kodwa incane kunama-gorilla (anamapipi amakhulu kunawo wonke, mhlawumbe ngenxa yokuthi awanawo amathambo epipi). Kodwa ubungako obuncane bamasende omuntu kanye nezitho zangasese zesifazane buqhathaniswa nalolo olutholakala kugorila elinesithembu.

Kukhona engikushodayo? Ingabe zikhona ezinye izincazelo zokuthi kungani ubulili buhluka ngenani elibikiwe locansi? ucele umlayezo wokuqala. Oh yebo ukwenzile, futhi oh yebo kukhona!

Kodwa ake ngikubuze lokhu: Ingabe leli phutha beliyokholelwa kakhulu uma izinto bezingeyona indlela futhi lihilela ukungalingani kobulili? Ngiyakwazi engikucabangayo.

Ukusetshenziswa kwamakhukhi

Le webhusayithi isebenzisa amakhukhi ukuze ube nokuhlangenwe nakho okuhle kakhulu komsebenzisi. Uma uqhubeka upheqa unikeza imvume yakho yokwamukelwa kwamakhukhi ashiwo ngenhla nokwamukelwa kwethu inqubomgomo yekhukhi, chofoza isixhumanisi ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe

THUMELA
Isaziso Samakhukhi